TEN Essential Questions of Multimedia

Creating a PowerPoint for Understanding, Retention, and Application

Are students:

1)   Shown examples of both poor and well crafted presentations?
2)   Given a checklist of technology literacy and a checklist for design skills before starting the project?
3)   Given graphics requirements for the slideshow?
4)   Following a writing process? Prewriting, writing, revising, editing, and publishing?
5)   Given a rubric/assessment tool before starting? Does the rubric include items for both project and oral presentation?
(Example from http://pblmm.k12.ca.us/)
6)   Expected to storyboard the presentation before work begins? (Inspiration)
7)   Expected to frame the presentation in the form of an Essential Question?
Research from Heidi Hayes Jacobs
8)   Given opportunities to use a compare/contrast or other appropriate template? See Article 5 below
9)   Creating presentations with more glitz and glamour than content?
10) Using notes view in order to create as much slide text as possible?

Discovery Education Network

Table of Contents/Works Cited

Page (s)	Content
1	TEN Essential Questions of Multimedia
2 - 4	1. Atkin Mayer, Richard E., Mr. “The Cognitive Load of PowerPoint: Q&A with Richard E. Mayer.” Interview with Cliff Atkinson. sociable media. 1 June 2004. sociablemedia.com. 29 June 2006 <http://www.sociablemedia.com/articles_mayer.htm>.
5-7	2. Roblyer, M D. “Our Multimedia Future.” Learning & Leading with Technology Mar. 1999: 51-53. 29 June 2006 <http://www.iste.org/‌Content/‌NavigationMenu/‌Publications/‌LL/‌LLIssues/‌Volume_26_1998_1999_/‌March7/‌March_1999.htm>.
8-11	3. Simons, Tad. “The multimedia paradox.” Presentations (Sept. 2004): 1-4. 29 June 2006 <http://www.presentations.com/‌presentations/‌search/‌article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1000734183>.
12-14	4. Burmark, Lynell, Dr. Enhancing Multimedia Presentations. Lake Barrington, IL: Thornburg Center, 2000. 29 June 2006 <http://www.tcpd.org/‌Burmark/‌Handouts/‌Presentations.pdf>.
15	Essential Questions: What is Snow?
16	Strategies for Comparing/Contrasting: Identifying_similarities_and_differences
17-21	5. Varlas, Laura. “Getting Acquainted with the Essential Nine.” Nine Essential Instructional Strategies. Winter 2002. The MiddleWeb Listserv. 29 June 2006 <http://www.middleweb.com/MWLresources/marzchat1.html
22	Microsoft Educational Templates
23-28	6. “Raising Student Achievement with Technology.” Apple - Education - Research. Spring 2006. Apple.com. 29 June 2006 <http://www.apple.com/‌education/‌research/>
29-31	7. Boster, Franklin J., et al. “A Report on the Effect of the Unitedstreaming(TM) Application on Educational Performance.” CARET (Center for Applied Research in Educational Technology). CARET. 29 June 2006 <http://caret.iste.org/>
32	Additional Resources: Digital Storytelling Examples
33-34	Additional Resources: PhotoStory3, Producer, and Movie Maker
35	NECC 2006 Conference Website

_____ Signaling Principle, in which people learn better when the material is organized with clear outlines and headings

_____ Personalization Principle, in which people learn better from a conversational style rather than a formal style.

_____ Coherence Principle, in which people learn better when extraneous material is excluded rather than included

_____ Contiguity Principle, in which people learn better when corresponding words and pictures are presented at the same time or next to each other on the same screen

_____ Modality Principle, in which people learn better from animation (graphics) with spoken text than animation with printed text

Multimedia Project Scoring Rubric: Scoring Guidelines

Score Levels	Multimedia The integration of media objects such as text, graphics, video, animation, and sound to represent and convey information. Videotapes which include sound and images fit this definition.	Collaboration Working together jointly to accomplish a common intellectual purpose in a manner superior to what might have been accomplished working alone.	Content The topics, ideas, concepts, knowledge, and opinions that constitute the substance of the presentation.	Presentation Presentation, conversational in style, engaging, questioning strategies are used and eye contact is regularly maintained
5	Students have used multimedia in creative and effective ways that exploit the particular strengths of the chosen format. All elements make a contribution. There are few technical problems, and none of a serious nature.	Students were a very effective team. Division of responsibilities capitalized on the strengths of each team member. The final product was shaped by all members and represents something that would not have been possible to accomplish working alone.	Meets all criteria of the previous level and one or more of the following: reflects broad research and application of critical thinking skills; shows notable insight or understanding of the topic; compels the audience's attention.	Delivery is smooth, engaging, conversational in style, questioning strategies are used with the audience, and eye contact is regularly maintained. Rehearsal is evident.
4	Presentation blends 3 or more multimedia elements in a balanced, attractive, easy-to-follow format. Elements include original student work. With minor exceptions, all elements contribute rather than detract from the presentation's overall effectiveness.	Students worked together as a team on all aspects of the project. There was an effort to assign roles based on the skills/talents of individual members. All members strove to fulfill their responsibilities.	The project has a clear goal related to a significant topic or issue. Information included has been compiled from several relevant sources. The project is useful to an audience beyond the students who created it.	Delivery is smooth, engaging, mostly conversational in style, questioning strategies are rarely used with the audience, and eye contact is normal. Rehearsal is evident.
3	Presentation uses 2 or more media. There are some technical problems, but the viewer is able to follow the presentation with few difficulties.	Students worked together on the project as a team with defined roles to play. Most members fulfilled their responsibilities. Disagreements were resolved or managed productively.	The project presents information in an accurate and organized manner that can be understood by the intended audience. There is a focus that is maintained throughout the piece.	Delivery is smooth and somewhat engaging, questioning strategies are not used with the audience, and eye contact is irregular. Rehearsal is questionable.
2	Presentation uses 2 or more media, but technical difficulties seriously interfere with the viewer's ability to see, hear, or understand content.	Presentation is the result of a group effort, but only some members of the group contributed. There is evidence of poor communication, unresolved conflict, or failure to collaborate on important aspects of the work.	The project has a focus but may stray from it at times. There is an organizational structure, though it may not be carried through consistently. There may be factual errors or inconsistencies, but they are relatively minor.	Delivery is not smooth but somewhat engaging, questioning strategies are not used with the audience, and eye contact is rare. Rehearsal is questionable.
1	Multimedia is absent from the presentation.	Presentation was created by one student working more or less alone (though may have received guidance or help from others).	Project seems haphazard, hurried or unfinished. There are significant factual errors, misconceptions, or misunderstandings.	Delivery not smooth, engaging, or conversational in style. Eye contact is rare. There was probably no rehearsal.
	Multimedia score =	Collaboration score =	Content score =	Presentation score =

	Title Slide contains an Essential Question
	Evidence of clear planning through a storyboard (Inspiration) was submitted
	Each slide contains a clear heading
	All spoken text has been researched and edited and is viewable in the notes view area
	Conferred with my teacher to make revisions and corrections
	Contains proper citations and copyright information

	At least one graphic per slide. Graphics may include: digital camera images, clipart or animated images, or Internet graphics
	Map of location, state or other geography
	Drawing tools used to call attention to map points, or other elements in the slideshow
	Graph, or Organizational Chart (using solid, not fill, colors)
	Movie from Discovery Learning
	Hyperlink to Brainpop or National Geographic Explorer
	Sounds, Music, Narration as appropriate for content

Text/Font. If you find it necessary to include text on a slide, follow these rules:
	Followed the 5 by 5 rule maximum. Five lines of text, five words per line.
	Easy to read
	Appropriate for presentation
	Size for Title slides is 40 point minimum Size for slide body text is 28 point minimum
	Appropriate color with background
Graphics
	Appropriate for slide
	Clear not blurry
	Proportionally sized
	Enhances presentation
	Tried to use photographs, instead of clipart when possible
	Avoid placing saturated primary colors (red, green or blue) adjacent to each other
SlideShow Design
	Background enhances each slide
	Backgrounds follow the same color range
	Comparison Contrast Layout is used when possible
	Few transitions, of limited distraction, are used
	Titles appear before other elements of the slide

	Practiced delivery of the presentation in a conversational style
	Given the audience opportunities to take notes